Thursday, June 30, 2016
Landice L-Series treadmill – Diagnostics system over view – Troubleshooting – Running Belt adjustment – Led functions – treadmill repair and service
Category: Treadmill Repair and Servcie
Contents of this article
- Troubleshooting procedure
- Diagnostic system over view
- LED configuration on relay board
Landice L-Series
ACCESSING DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES
EXECUTIVE TRAINER
EXECUTIVE TRAINER
1 - PREV/3RD GREY CIRCLE BUTTON ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE LCD SCREEN/START
1.DOWN/PAUSE/START
2 - UP/DOWN/START Toggles 12% and 15% elevation selection
3 - MENU/START Accesses Diagnostic Mode and Open Loop Speed Mode.
NOTE: There is now a display for total miles and total hours for commercial ET’s only.
CARDIO TRAINER
NOTE: There is now a display for total miles and total hours for commercial ET’s only.
CARDIO TRAINER
1 - PAUSE/START Displays software version.
2 - DOWN/PAUSE/START Reboots.
3 - MANUAL/START Accesses Diagnostic Mode
DISPLAY UP/START Accesses Diagnostic Mode
4 - UP/DOWN/START Toggles 12% and 15% elevation selection.
5 - FAST/START Open Loop Speed Mode.
PRO TRAINER
PRO TRAINER
1 - PAUSE/START Displays software version.
2 - DOWN/PAUSE/START Reboots.
3 - DISPLAY UP/START Accesses Diagnostic Mode.
4 - FAST/START Open Loop Speed Mode.
PRO SPORTS TRAINER
PRO SPORTS TRAINER
1 - PAUSE/START Displays software version.
2 - DOWN/PAUSE/START Reboots.
3 - UP/DOWN/START Toggles 12% and 15% elevation selection
4 - DISPLAY/START Accesses Diagnostic Mode.
5 - FAST/START Open Loop Speed Mode.
SPORT TRAINER
SPORT TRAINER
1 - PAUSE/START Displays software version.
2 - DOWN/PAUSE/START Reboots.
4 - DISPLAY/START Accesses Diagnostic Mode.
5 - FAST/START Open Loop Speed Mode.
ROAD RUNNER
ROAD RUNNER
1 - UP/PAUSE Displays software version.
2 - DOWN/PAUSE Reboots.
3 - SLOW/PAUSE Accesses Diagnostic Mode.
4 - FAST/PAUSE Accesses Speed and Grade diagnostics.
COMPONENTS DEFINITIONS
12 VDC POWER SUPPLY
(Transformer) This transformer converts AC power to DC power. It provides low voltage current for the Upper Display Board. This component is found on treadmills with PWM Motor Control Boards. It is incorporated into the SCR Motor Control Boards.
CAPACITOR
CAPACITOR
Stores energy to smooth out voltage to Drive Motor. Used with SCR Motor Control Boards.
CHOKE (Inductor)
CHOKE (Inductor)
Acts like a filter to smooth out voltage to Drive Motor. Used with SCR Motor Control Boards.
DECK
Wooden board 1” thick with a phenolic coating. Treadbelt rides over it. Reversible.
DRIVE BELT
DRIVE BELT
This connects Drive Motor to Sheave (Pulley) on Drive Roller.
DRIVE MOTOR
DRIVE MOTOR
Provides power to Drive Belt to turn Pulley on Drive Roller to move Treadbelt. This gets its power from the PWM or SCR. Landice Drive motors are either 110v for 220v.
DRIVE ROLLER W/ SHEAVE
DRIVE ROLLER W/ SHEAVE
This is the Roller at the front of the Treadmill. The Sheave (pulley) is pressed onto the roller and allows transfer of movement from Drive Belt to Treadbelt.
ELEVATION LEG ASSEMBLY
ELEVATION LEG ASSEMBLY
Connects to Elevation Motor to allow movement of front of treadmill up or down.
ELEVATION MOTOR
ELEVATION MOTOR
This motor works through the elevation leg assembly to raise or lower the front of the treadmill. It gets its power from the Relay Board on Home models and from the SCR on LTD and Club models.
ELEVATION POTENTIOMETER
ELEVATION POTENTIOMETER
Attaches to Elevation Motor and gives feedback to Upper Display as to what incline the treadmill is at. Needs to be calibrated whenever elevation motor is replaced. A Potentiometer should be checked whenever there is a problem with elevation or when Error Code PO comes up.
FACE PLATE
This overlay is found on our Sports Trainer, Pro Sports Trainer, and CRT models and is screwed onto the Upper Display Board.
FRAMES (SIDE)
FRAMES (SIDE)
One on either side, these connect with the Deck Slats and Motor Pan to form the frame of the machine.
FRAME COVERS (SIDE)
FRAME COVERS (SIDE)
These sit on top of the Frame Rails and keep Deck in place. They also form the base for the Traction Strip.
IR POTENTIOMETER
IR POTENTIOMETER
The IR Pot is located on the PWM Motor Control Board and is used to adjust the time it takes the PWM to react to a load or amperage spike. It normally requires adjustment if the motor feels like its surging.
MEMBRANE PANEL
MEMBRANE PANEL
This takes information from the display membrane keys and transmits it to Upper Display Board via the ribbon cable. It is found on the PT, CT, and ET models.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
Motor Control Boards- Used mostly in home models but occasionally in commercial units. This circuit board is designed to run the drive motor. It takes the AC voltage from the wall outlet and changes it to DC voltage to run the drive motor. The AC voltage comes in on the L1 line and L2 line terminals on the PWM where it’s rectified (change from AC to DC) and comes out as DC on terminals A+ and A- (Armature + and Armature -). Since the PWM motor control switches at such a high frequency, the DC voltage produced is “clean” and relatively free of electrical noise or static. In other words, it needs no external Capacitor or Choke (Inductor) to run the drive motor. It receives its commands from the Upper Display Board via the Relay Board. Generally these need the voltage coming out of the outlet to be + or – 8 % of the PWM rating. For example a 115v PWM should have outlet voltage of at least 106v with a maximum of 124v.
RELAY BOARDS
RELAY BOARDS
This circuit board controls the elevation relays, belt relays, DC transformer (for Upper Display Power), and diagnostic lights. It is only found on mills with PWM Motor Control Boards.
SAFETY LANYARD
SAFETY LANYARD
This is a safety feature that completes a switch in the Display Board . If it is not connected the treadmill will not run.
SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)
SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)
Motor Control Boards-Used in LTD (110v) and Club Models (220v) This circuit board is designed to run the drive motor, elevation relays, the belt relay, DC transformer for power to Upper Display Board, and on board diagnostic lights. The SCR requires a Capacitor and Choke to provide “clean” power to the Drive Motor. It receives its commands from the Upper Display Board and eliminates the need for a Relay Board. These require outlet voltage of + or – 10% of the SCR rating.
SLIPCOAT LUBRICANT
Recommended Treadbelt lubricant for Landice Commercial Treadmills
SPEED SENSOR
SPEED SENSOR
Landice uses a magnetic speed sensor to receive accurate speed readings. Readings are taken directly from the flywheel on the motor and sent to the Relay Board or SCR. Distance between the sensor and the flywheel is critical but the sensor is unaffected by dirt or dust build-up (unlike optical sensors).
TAKE UP ROLLER
TAKE UP ROLLER
This is the Roller at the rear of the treadmill. It completes the loop for Treadbelt movement and allows tracking and tension adjustment of Treadbelt.
TREADBELT
TREADBELT
This is the surface the user walks on. It rides over the deck and rollers.
UPPER DISPLAY BOARD
UPPER DISPLAY BOARD
This controls information from the Membrane panel and Face Plate. It then transmits it to the relay board on Home models and the SCR on Club or LTD models.
UPRIGHTS
UPRIGHTS
One on either side, they house the wire harness, the upper display, the cross member and the handrails.
UPPER WIRE HARNESS
UPPER WIRE HARNESS
Transmits data from lower electronics to upper electronics.
VFX SYSTEM
VFX SYSTEM
Shock-absorbing Deck. Consists of wood Deck, VFX Deck Post, Deck Spacer, Deck Load Washer, Deck Felt Washer, and Deck Impact Absorber.
COMMON SYMPTOMS
Symptom: Treadbelt feels like it’s slipping or grabbing when walked on.
Possible Cause: Loose drive belt or treadbelt. Adjust as per manual. Remember to adjust only till slipping stops. DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN
Possible Cause: Worn treadbelt and/or deck. If treadbelt or deck is worn it will cause excessive friction and the user will feel like belt is slipping or grabbing.
1. Reach hand under front of treadbelt and see if deck feels rough, grooved, or if you see bare wood. These are signs the belt needs to replaced and the deck needs to be reversed or replaced if it has already been reversed.
2. Compare the outer edge of the treadbelt to the middle of the treadbelt. The outer edge wears less since the user walks near the center of the belt. You will be able to see the cross weave of fabric on a good treadbelt. This cross weave design traps air inside tiny pockets. The treadbelt glides on this trapped air. When a belt wears, the cross weave becomes flat and smooth. This is not good because there are no more pockets to catch the air. If the center of the treadbelt is smooth (glazed) and exhibits black streaks it’s time to replace.
3. If amp draw is high (8 amps or more on home) it is advisable to check belt and deck for wear.
Possible Cause: Loose drive belt or treadbelt. Adjust as per manual. Remember to adjust only till slipping stops. DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN
Possible Cause: Worn treadbelt and/or deck. If treadbelt or deck is worn it will cause excessive friction and the user will feel like belt is slipping or grabbing.
1. Reach hand under front of treadbelt and see if deck feels rough, grooved, or if you see bare wood. These are signs the belt needs to replaced and the deck needs to be reversed or replaced if it has already been reversed.
2. Compare the outer edge of the treadbelt to the middle of the treadbelt. The outer edge wears less since the user walks near the center of the belt. You will be able to see the cross weave of fabric on a good treadbelt. This cross weave design traps air inside tiny pockets. The treadbelt glides on this trapped air. When a belt wears, the cross weave becomes flat and smooth. This is not good because there are no more pockets to catch the air. If the center of the treadbelt is smooth (glazed) and exhibits black streaks it’s time to replace.
3. If amp draw is high (8 amps or more on home) it is advisable to check belt and deck for wear.
Tip: If Red Current Lamp is lit then Amp Draw is high.
TREADBELTS AND DECK SURFACE SHOULD ALWAYS BE REPLACED TOGETHER IF EITHER IS WORN OUT.
Symptom: Treadmill slows down when user steps onto treadbelt.
Possible Cause: Worn out treadbelt or deck.
Possible Cause: Worn or defective motor brushes and/or scorched commutator on drive motor.
Dress out commutator and replace brushes.
Possible Cause: Demagnetized stator magnets on drive motor.
Make sure that treadmill is unplugged! Disconnect drive motor from lower circuit board. Hold the two motor wires, Black A+ and White A-, together and rotate the motor flywheel by hand. Get a good feel for the rotational friction of the drive motor. Then disconnect the two motor wires and rotate the drive motor by hand. If the drive motor begins to spin much easier, then your motor is not the problem. If you notice no difference, then replace the drive motor. NOTE: A good drive motor will spin freely with little friction when disconnected from the lower circuit board. If the two motor wires are connected together, the drive motor will become much harder to rotate.
TREADBELTS AND DECK SURFACE SHOULD ALWAYS BE REPLACED TOGETHER IF EITHER IS WORN OUT.
Symptom: Treadmill slows down when user steps onto treadbelt.
Possible Cause: Worn out treadbelt or deck.
Possible Cause: Worn or defective motor brushes and/or scorched commutator on drive motor.
Dress out commutator and replace brushes.
Possible Cause: Demagnetized stator magnets on drive motor.
Make sure that treadmill is unplugged! Disconnect drive motor from lower circuit board. Hold the two motor wires, Black A+ and White A-, together and rotate the motor flywheel by hand. Get a good feel for the rotational friction of the drive motor. Then disconnect the two motor wires and rotate the drive motor by hand. If the drive motor begins to spin much easier, then your motor is not the problem. If you notice no difference, then replace the drive motor. NOTE: A good drive motor will spin freely with little friction when disconnected from the lower circuit board. If the two motor wires are connected together, the drive motor will become much harder to rotate.
Symptom: Treadbelt is moving diagonally.
If a belt is moving diagonally on the treadmill it can be corrected with the following steps:
1. Loosen the take up roller (both sides)
2. Take off the motor cover.
3. Loosen the drive roller adjustment bolt on the right side (opposite the sheave pulley).
4. Using a large screw driver or pry bar move the drive roller forward if the belt is angled right to left or backward if its angled left to right.
5. Tighten drive roller until star washer bites into aluminum frame, start treadmill, and adjust tracking. If belt is straight then put on motor cover. If belt is still not straight, go to #6.
6. If there is improvement and there is still room to move drive roller adjustment bolt, continue to adjust until fixed.
7. If there is no more adjustment on right side adjustment bolt, go to left side adjustment bolt ( make sure to loosen the drive belt via the drive belt tension adjustment bolt and re-tension when done).
Landice has adjustment on the front roller to correct for this type of problem. The front roller will not be damaged by the adjustment providing these steps are followed.
Symptom: Treadmill speed is erratic and/or surges.
Possible Cause: Defective drive motor
Possible Cause: Loose drive belt or treadbelt.
Check for proper drive belt and treadbelt tension. If one of these belts are not tight enough, they will slip and create a treadbelt skip or surge. This will usually be more apparent with heavier users.
Possible Cause: High drive motor current due to excessive treadbelt friction.
Check for treadbelt and tread deck for wear. Check that Red Lamp marked Current is not on.
Possible Cause: Worn or defective motor brushes and /or commutator.
Check Motor brushes move freely in holder. Brushes should be at least ¼ inch long, approximately the same length, and free of cracks, splits, and fraying.
Possible Cause: Line voltage surging.
Use voltmeter, monitor line voltage supply. Make sure customer has the treadmill plugged into a circuit that meets our electrical requirements. (Home & LTD Treadmills = 120V / 20 amp dedicated circuit), (Club Treadmills = 220V / 15 amp dedicated circuit)
NO extension cord should exceed 6 feet in length and must be 12Awg, same as linecord.
NO surge suppressors or GFI outlets.
Possible Cause: (PWM boards ONLY Home Mills) IR potentiometer out of adjustment.
Adjust the IR “pot” on the lower motor control board until the surge subsides.
If a belt is moving diagonally on the treadmill it can be corrected with the following steps:
1. Loosen the take up roller (both sides)
2. Take off the motor cover.
3. Loosen the drive roller adjustment bolt on the right side (opposite the sheave pulley).
4. Using a large screw driver or pry bar move the drive roller forward if the belt is angled right to left or backward if its angled left to right.
5. Tighten drive roller until star washer bites into aluminum frame, start treadmill, and adjust tracking. If belt is straight then put on motor cover. If belt is still not straight, go to #6.
6. If there is improvement and there is still room to move drive roller adjustment bolt, continue to adjust until fixed.
7. If there is no more adjustment on right side adjustment bolt, go to left side adjustment bolt ( make sure to loosen the drive belt via the drive belt tension adjustment bolt and re-tension when done).
Landice has adjustment on the front roller to correct for this type of problem. The front roller will not be damaged by the adjustment providing these steps are followed.
Symptom: Treadmill speed is erratic and/or surges.
Possible Cause: Defective drive motor
Possible Cause: Loose drive belt or treadbelt.
Check for proper drive belt and treadbelt tension. If one of these belts are not tight enough, they will slip and create a treadbelt skip or surge. This will usually be more apparent with heavier users.
Possible Cause: High drive motor current due to excessive treadbelt friction.
Check for treadbelt and tread deck for wear. Check that Red Lamp marked Current is not on.
Possible Cause: Worn or defective motor brushes and /or commutator.
Check Motor brushes move freely in holder. Brushes should be at least ¼ inch long, approximately the same length, and free of cracks, splits, and fraying.
Possible Cause: Line voltage surging.
Use voltmeter, monitor line voltage supply. Make sure customer has the treadmill plugged into a circuit that meets our electrical requirements. (Home & LTD Treadmills = 120V / 20 amp dedicated circuit), (Club Treadmills = 220V / 15 amp dedicated circuit)
NO extension cord should exceed 6 feet in length and must be 12Awg, same as linecord.
NO surge suppressors or GFI outlets.
Possible Cause: (PWM boards ONLY Home Mills) IR potentiometer out of adjustment.
Adjust the IR “pot” on the lower motor control board until the surge subsides.
LED CONFIGURATIONS: RELAY BOARD
The RELAY board is designed with diagnostic LED lights. The LED’s are color coded according to their specific function. Green indicates a properly operating treadmill; the green lights should always be ON when power is supplied to the treadmill. Yellow indicates a treadmill function. Red indicates a treadmill malfunction. Here is a list of each LED and what it signifies:
AC PWR (green) - The AC PWR (Alternating Current Power) illuminates when AC line voltage is delivered to the treadmill. It then passes through the in-line fuse (110)/s(220) and lights the AC PWR LED.
VDC (green) – The VDC LED will light when it receives DC voltage from the DC power supply.
DN & UP (yellow) – The DN and UP LED lights tell us if the elevation DN and UP relays are functioning properly. When the LED lights, it tells us that the relay has energized and is sending high voltage (110vac or 220vac) to the elevation motor.
UPSW (green) – This LED will illuminate when the low voltage dc is delivered from the upper display board to the elevation UP relay. This low voltage dc is what energizes the coil of the relay.
DNSW (green) - This LED will illuminate when the low voltage dc is delivered from the upper display board to the elevation DOWN relay. This low voltage dc is what energizes the coil of the relay.
BELTSW (green) - This LED will illuminate when the low voltage dc is delivered from the upper display board to the belt (motor start) relay. This low voltage dc is what energizes the coil of the relay.
SPD (yellow) – The SPD LED flashes on and off (relative to speed) when the speed sensor is operating properly.
PWM (yellow) – This LED will light when the upper board is sending a speed signal to the PWM. Both the PWM LED and BELTSW LED must be lit for belt movement.
VDC (green) – The VDC LED will light when it receives DC voltage from the DC power supply.
DN & UP (yellow) – The DN and UP LED lights tell us if the elevation DN and UP relays are functioning properly. When the LED lights, it tells us that the relay has energized and is sending high voltage (110vac or 220vac) to the elevation motor.
UPSW (green) – This LED will illuminate when the low voltage dc is delivered from the upper display board to the elevation UP relay. This low voltage dc is what energizes the coil of the relay.
DNSW (green) - This LED will illuminate when the low voltage dc is delivered from the upper display board to the elevation DOWN relay. This low voltage dc is what energizes the coil of the relay.
BELTSW (green) - This LED will illuminate when the low voltage dc is delivered from the upper display board to the belt (motor start) relay. This low voltage dc is what energizes the coil of the relay.
SPD (yellow) – The SPD LED flashes on and off (relative to speed) when the speed sensor is operating properly.
PWM (yellow) – This LED will light when the upper board is sending a speed signal to the PWM. Both the PWM LED and BELTSW LED must be lit for belt movement.
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